Abstract:
China's soybean is heavily dependent on imports. The lack of production capacity limits the development of China's soybean industry, which has the adverse effect on national food security. It is imperative to increase the integrated production capacity of soybeans to enhance the self-sufficiency of supply and demand. The strip compound planting of soybeans and corns as one of the main agronomic technologies promoted by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs during recent years, is very important to expand the soybean planting arear and increase soybean yield. This study aims to systematically analysis the yield, economic benefit, land equivalent ratio and the main effect factors including planting row ratios, density, and cultivar of this planting technology based on the national survey questionnaire (1012) at 2024. Results showed that the national average yield of soybean was 1642 kg hm
-2 and 6916 kg hm
-2 for corn. The Huanghuaihai region had the total yield of soybean and maize with 9905 kg hm
-2, which was higher than Northwest and Southwest regions by 13% and 45%, respectively. The average value of national land equivalent ratio was 1.55, ranging from 1.42-1.70. It was highest of 1.62 at Huanghuaihai region and 1.55, 1.56 for Southwest and Northwest, respectively. For the planting row ratios of soybean and corn, it was 6: 4 at Huanghuaihai Region with highest percentage of 39%. Under 6: 4 planting ratio of soybean and corn, soybean planting density was 128-150×10
3 plants per hectare with the highest percentage (40%) and 42-105×10
3 plants per hectare for its corresponding corn. In Northwest, it was 4: 4 with the highest percentage of 35%. Under 4: 4 planting ratio of soybean and corn, soybean planting density was 127.5-150×10
3 plants per hectare with the highest percentage (48%) and 37.5-82.5×10
3 plants per hectare for its corresponding corn. In Southwest, it was 3: 2 with the highest percentage of 60%. Under 3: 2 planting ratio of soybean and corn, soybean planting density was 105-124.5×10
3 plants per hectare with the highest percentage (36%) and 37.5-67.5×10
3 plants per hectare for its corresponding corn. For the cultivars of soybean, Yundou 1 had the highest percentage in Huanghuaihai, followed by Qihuang34 and Jidou 12. Huangjinliang had the highest percentage for corn cultivar in this region, followed by Liangyu99 and Denghai605. Dongdou339 had the highest percentage for soybean cultivar in Northwest, followed by Zhonghuang13 and Qihuang34; Youdi919, Xianyu1483 and Denghai 605 were the first three corn cultivar in Northwest. Qihuang34 had the highest percentage for soybean cultivar in Southwest followed by Qiandou12 and Diandadou12. Chuandan99, Xianyu1171 and Chengdan716 were the first three corn cultivar in Southwest. This study supplies the important information for the further development and technology extension of the strip compound planting of soybeans and corns.