蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

李燕培, 林佳琦, 肖世祥, 冯斗, 邓英毅, 禤维言

李燕培, 林佳琦, 肖世祥, 冯斗, 邓英毅, 禤维言. 蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2022, 30(6): 990−1001. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210665
引用本文: 李燕培, 林佳琦, 肖世祥, 冯斗, 邓英毅, 禤维言. 蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2022, 30(6): 990−1001. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210665
LI Y P, LIN J Q, XIAO S X, FENG D, DENG Y Y, XUAN W Y. Effects of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on functional diversity of soil microorganisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 990−1001. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210665
Citation: LI Y P, LIN J Q, XIAO S X, FENG D, DENG Y Y, XUAN W Y. Effects of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on functional diversity of soil microorganisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 990−1001. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210665

蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

基金项目: 国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-31)、广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA18118028-8)和广西农业厅项目(201401)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李燕培, 主要研究方向为作物栽培生理与间套种。E-mail: 1274688649@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    禤维言, 主要研究方向为作物栽培生理与作物基因工程。E-mail: xuanwy@gxu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: S668.1

Effects of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on functional diversity of soil microorganisms

Funds: This study was supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-31), Guangxi Innovation Driven Development Project (Guike AA18118028-8) and Guangxi Department of Agriculture Project (201401).
More Information
  • 摘要: 为探究香蕉与红薯间作模式下土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化特征, 以及土壤微生物对土壤养分转化和碳源利用特征, 本研究以‘桂蕉1号’为材料, 采用Biolog方法和主成分分析对香蕉单作与香蕉和红薯间作下土壤微生物功能多样性的变化进行了比较分析。结果表明, 在营养生长期至抽蕾结实期, 蕉园间作红薯具有极显著提高土壤微生物代谢活性的作用(P<0.01), 与单作相比, 间作土壤微生物群落的吸光值平均颜色变化率(AWCD)提高0.77~14.36倍, 土壤微生物群落多样性、优势度和丰富度分别提高0.09~1.01倍、0.02~0.31倍和0.52~5.04倍, 但间作和单作蕉园土壤微生物群落均匀度差异不显著。此外, 蕉园间作红薯增加了土壤微生物利用碳源种类和代谢活性, 间作土壤微生物对碳水化合物类、氨基酸类、羧酸类、多聚类、酚酸类和胺类的代谢活性比单作提高13.81倍、9.22倍、5.38倍、9.93倍、6.08倍和3.46倍; 蕉园间作红薯和香蕉单作土壤微生物对不同碳源的利用效率有较大的差异, 间作土壤微生物以碳水化合物类和氨基酸类为主要代谢碳源, 利用率为20.29%~25.25%和18.58%~20.31%, 单作则以多聚类化合物和酚酸类为主要代谢碳源, 利用率为0.60%~52.71%和13.94%~26.56%; 间作土壤微生物群落利用的碳源化合物数量比单作增加9~28种, 且间作和单作的差异达到极显著(P<0.01)或显著水平(P<0.05), 间作的土壤微生物主要利用的碳源为D-甘露醇和N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺等, 单作主要利用吐温80和L-精氨酸等。主成分分析表明, 碳水化合物类和氨基酸类是促使蕉园间作红薯土壤微生物多样性发生改变的主要碳源。在蕉园间作红薯具有提高土壤微生物群落多样性和增加土壤微生物群落碳源利用种类与活性的作用, 起到明显改善土壤微生物群落功能多样性的效应。

     

    Abstract: Reasonable intercropping patterns of crops have positive regulatory effects on the metabolic functional diversity of soil microbial communities. To explore the functional diversity of the soil microbial community and the characteristics of soil microbial transformation in soil nutrients and carbon source utilization in intercropping of banana and sweet potato, the changes in soil microbial functional diversity under banana monoculture and banana-sweet potato intercropping in ‘Guijiao No. 1’ banana plantation were compared and analyzed by using the Biolog method and principal component analysis. The results showed that the soil microbial metabolic activity from the vegetative growth stage to the budding stage of banana could be significantly improved by intercropping sweet potato in a banana plantation (P<0.01). The average color change rate of the intercropping soil microbial community was increased by 0.77–14.36 times, and the diversity, dominance, and richness of the soil microbial community increased by 0.09–1.01, 0.02–0.31, and 0.52–5.04 times, respectively, compared with those of the single cropping. However, there was no significant difference in soil microbial community evenness between intercropping and monoculture in the banana orchards. In addition, the carbon source utilization and metabolic activity of soil microorganisms increased in banana plantations intercropped with sweet potato. The metabolic activities of soil microorganisms for carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, polymers, phenolic acids, and amines in intercropping were 13.81, 9.22, 5.38, 9.93, 6.08, and 3.46 times higher than those in the monoculture, respectively. There were differences in the utilization efficiency of different carbon sources between monoculture and intercropping systems. Carbohydrates and amino acids were the main metabolic carbon sources for soil microorganisms in intercropping, and polymer compounds and phenolic acids were the main metabolic carbon sources in the monoculture. The number of carbon sources utilized by soil microbial communities in intercropping was increased by 9–28 times compared with that of the monoculture, and the difference between intercropping and monoculture reached a very significant or significant level (P<0.01 or P<0.05, respectively). For banana intercropping with sweet potato, the utilization rate of carbohydrates by soil microorganisms was the highest, reaching 20.29%–25.25%, followed by amino acids with a utilization rate of 18.58%–20.31%, whereas the utilization rate of carboxylic acids, multi-cluster compounds, phenolic acids, and amines was lower than 18.28%. For banana monoculture, the utilization rate of multi-cluster compounds by soil microorganisms was the highest, reaching 0.60%–52.71%, followed by phenolic acids with the utilization rate of 13.94%–26.56%, whereas the utilization rate of the other four carbon sources was lower than 17.82%. There were notable differences in the utilization efficiency of single carbon sources by soil microorganisms between banana intercropping with sweet potato and banana monoculture. The main carbon sources used by intercropping soil microorganisms were d-cellobiose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, d-mannitol, α-d-lactose, d-galacturonic acid, d-xylose, l-arginine, and l-asparagine, accounting for 24.53%–31.12% of the total carbon sources. The carbon sources utilized by monoculture microorganisms included Tween-80, L-arginine, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, L-asparagine, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and α-d-lactose, accounting for 32.02%–78.45% of the total carbon source. Principal component analysis showed that carbohydrates and amino acids were the main carbon sources that changed the soil microbial diversity of banana intercropping with sweet potato. The diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in banana plantations could be improved, and the carbon sources utilization efficiency and activity of the soil microbial community were improved by intercropping sweet potato; thus, the functional diversity of the rhizosphere microbial community was significantly improved.

     

  • 图  1   蕉园单作和间作红薯的土壤微生物AWCD变化(a)与培养168 h的AWCD值(b)

    Figure  1.   Changes of soil microbial AWCD (a) and AWCD value after incubation for 168 h (b) in banana plantations monoculturing and intercropping with sweet potato

    图  2   蕉园单作和间作红薯的土壤微生物对碳源利用特征的主成分分析

    Figure  2.   Principal components analysis of carbon source utilization profiles of soil microorganisms in banana plantations monoculturing and intercropping with sweet potato

    图  3   蕉园单作和间作红薯的土壤微生物碳源代谢指纹图谱

    Figure  3.   Carbon source metabolic fingerprints of soil microorganisms in banana plantations monoculturing and intercropping with sweet potato

    表  1   蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物利用6类碳源吸光值的影响

    Table  1   Effects of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on the absorbance value of six carbon sources used by soil microorganisms

    月份
    Month
    处理
    Treatment
    碳水化合物类
    Carbohydrates
    氨基酸类
    Amino acids
    羧酸类
    Carboxylic acids
    多聚类
    Polymers
    酚酸类
    Phenolic acids
    胺类
    Amines
    5IC1.74±0.14Aa1.46±0.32Aa1.18±0.23Aa1.41±0.34 Aa1.11±0.30Aa0.84±0.10Aa
    MC0.05±0.07Bb0.06±0.06Bb0.17±0.28Bb0.23±0.20Bb0.06±0.05Bb0.00±0.00Bb
    7IC1.51±0.02Aa1.23±0.19Aa0.98±0.13Aa1.04±0.24Aa0.27±0.16Aa0.99±0.43Aa
    MC0.17±0.04Bb0.20±0.24Bb0.09±0.08Bb0.04±0.06Bb0.19±0.26Aa0.13±0.11Bb
    9IC1.17±0.02Aa1.08±0.19Aa0.87±0.02Aa0.97±0.23Aa0.84±0.07Aa0.85±0.10Aa
    MC0.54±0.08Bb0.65±0.05Ab0.51±0.05Bb0.74±0.13Aa0.55±0.20Aa0.59±0.13Aa
      IC和MC分别表示与红薯间作和单作蕉园。不同小写字母和大写字母表示同一月份两处理间分别在P<0.05和P<0.01水平差异显著。IC and MC represent intercropping with sweet potato and monoculture of banana, respectively. Different lowercase letters and uppercase letters indicate significant differences between two treatments in the same month at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物6类碳源利用率的影响

    Table  2   Effects of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on the utilization rates of six carbon sources by soil microorganisms % 

    月份
    Month
    处理
    Treatment
    碳水化合物类
    Carbohydrates
    氨基酸类
    Amino acids
    羧酸类
    Carboxylic acids
    多聚类
    Polymers
    酚酸类
    Phenolic acids
    胺类
    Amines
    5IC22.55±2.73Aa18.68±2.75Aa15.28±3.03Aa18.28±4.14Ab14.20±2.98Aa11.00±1.97Aa
    MC1.79±0.66Bb3.95±0.45Bb27.14±33.45Aa52.71±26.42Aa13.94±7.98Aa0.48±0.17Bb
    7IC25.25±2.34Aa20.31±1.77Aa16.45±3.12Aa17.21±3.50Aa4.52±2.81Ab16.26±6.15Aa
    MC16.94±0.35Ab26.02±22.73Aa11.97±5.15Aa0.60±0.39Bb26.56±26.52Aa17.93±2.10Aa
    9IC20.29±0.29Aa18.58±3.26Aa15.09±0.24Aa16.78±4.01Aa14.59±1.32Aa14.67±1.86Aa
    MC15.14±1.87Bb18.20±1.43Aa14.37±1.51Aa20.69±4.14Aa15.22±5.42Aa16.39±2.96Aa
      IC和MC分别表示与红薯间作和单作蕉园。不同小写字母和大写字母表示同一月份两处理间分别在P<0.05和P<0.01水平差异显著。IC and MC represent intercropping with sweet potato and monoculture of banana, respectively. Different lowercase letters and uppercase letters indicate significant differences between two treatments in the same month at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   蕉园间作红薯对土壤微生物群落多样性指数的影响

    Table  3   Effect of intercropping sweet potato in banana plantation on soil microbial community diversity indexes

    月份
    Month
    处理
    Treatment
    多样性指数
    Shannon index (Hʹ)
    均匀度指数
    Evenness index (E)
    优势度指数
    Simpson index (D)
    丰富度指数
    McIntosh index (U)
    5IC3.33±0.02Aa0.98±0.01Aa0.96±0.00Aa8.79±0.63Aa
    MC1.66±0.12Bb1.67±0.48Aa0.74±0.05Bb1.45±0.74Bb
    7IC3.16±0.03Aa0.98±0.02Aa0.95±0.00Aa8.00±0.21Aa
    MC1.75±0.10Bb1.21±0.28Aa0.76±0.04Bb2.13±0.71Bb
    9IC3.24±0.02Aa0.98±0.02Aa0.96±0.00Aa6.66±0.16Aa
    MC2.97±0.01Bb1.00±0.01Aa0.94±0.00Bb4.37±0.26Bb
      IC和MC分别表示与红薯间作和单作蕉园。不同小写字母和大写字母表示同一月份两处理间分别在P<0.05和P<0.01水平差异显著。IC and MC represent intercropping with sweet potato and monoculture of banana, respectively. Different lowercase letters and uppercase letters indicate significant differences between two treatments in the same month at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4   蕉园单作和间作红薯的土壤微生物碳源利用特征的主成分得分系数

    Table  4   Principal components score coefficients of carbon source utilization of soil microorganisms in banana plantations monoculturing and intercropping with sweet potato

    月份 Month处理 TreatmentPC1PC2
    5IC5.87Aa0.88Aa
    MC−5.32Bb−0.19Aa
    7IC3.55Aa−0.22Aa
    MC−4.84Bb−0.81Aa
    9IC2.29Aa0.40Aa
    MC−1.55Bb−0.05Aa
      IC和MC分别表示与红薯间作和单作蕉园。不同小写字母和大写字母表示同一月份两处理间分别在P<0.05、P<0.01水平差异显著。IC and MC represent intercropping with sweet potato and monoculture of banana, respectively. Different lowercase letters and uppercase letters indicate significant differences between two treatments in the same month at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5   31种碳源在蕉园土壤微生物碳源利用特征的第1主成分(PC1)和第2主成分(PC2)上的初始载荷因子

    Table  5   Initial load factors of 31 carbon sources on the first principal component (PC1) and the second principal component (PC2) of carbon source utilization of soil microorganisms in banana plantations

    编号 Plate number碳源类型 Carbon source typePC1PC2
    A3碳水化合物类 CarbohydratesD-半乳糖酸γ-内酯 D-Galactonic Acid γ-Lactone0.879
    A2β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷 β-Methyl-D-Glucoside0.937
    G1D-纤维二糖 D-Cellobiose0.954
    H1α-D-乳糖 α-D-Lactose0.6920.533
    C2i-赤藓糖醇 i-Erythritol0.600
    G2α-D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸 α-D-Glucose-1-Phosphate0.934
    B2D-木糖 D-Xylose0.798
    D2D-甘露醇 D-Mannitol0.875
    E2N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺 N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine0.887
    H2D,L-α-磷酸甘油 D,L-α-Glycerol Phosphate0.923
    B3D-半乳糖醛酸 D-Galacturonic Acid0.942
    F2D-葡萄糖胺酸 D-Glucosaminic Acid
    B4氨基酸类 Amino acidsL-天门冬酰胺 L-Asparagine0.832
    C4L-苯基丙氨酸 L-Phenylalanine0.751
    A4L-精氨酸 L-Arginine0.907
    D4L-丝氨酸 L-Serine0.966
    E4L-苏氨酸 L-Threonine0.749
    F4甘氨酸-L-谷氨酸 Glycyl-L-Glutamic Acid0.859
    E3羧酸类
    Carboxylic acids
    γ-羟丁酸 γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid0.896
    F3衣康酸 Itaconic Acid0.881
    G3α-丁酮酸 α-Ketobutyric Acid0.690
    H3D-苹果酸 D-Malic Acid0.666
    B1丙酮酸甲酯 Pyruvic Acid Methyl Ester0.680
    E1多聚类
    Polymers
    α-环式糊精 α-Cyclodextrin0.6620.571
    F1肝糖 Glycogen−0.538
    C1吐温40 Tween400.864
    D1吐温80 Tween 800.746
    C3酚酸类
    Phenolic acids
    2-羟基苯甲酸 2-Hydroxy Benzoic Acid0.635
    D34-羟基苯甲酸 4-Hydroxy Benzoic Acid0.655
    G4胺类
    Amines
    苯乙胺 Phenylethylamine0.909
    H4腐胺 Putrescine0.680−0.631
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-30
  • 录用日期:  2021-12-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-12-30
  • 刊出日期:  2022-06-08

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