Abstract: The plant population reproductive ecology, one of important fields of plant ecology, now has become a key point in the field of rare and endangered plant protection biology. The paper summarizes the general advances in the researches of the plant population reproductive ecology in the world, especially of the endangered plant population. It includes the botanic and phonological characters of the endangered plants, reproductive systems, seeds and seedling ecology, reproduction value and reproduction allocation, statistics of plant population, life table, vegetative reproduction and so on. The problems in the current researches are discussed and the trends in the field of the endangered plant population reproductive ecology are put forward.