Abstract: The microflora of seven types of paddy soils in three bases of national rice engineering,Liling Municipality,Changsha Municipality and Xiangyin Municipality,east-southern Hunan Province,was investigated.The results show that the total amount of microorganisms in the tested soils is related to the soil fertility.The amount order of microbes in seven paddy soils is as the followings:yellow sandy earth＞purple sandy earth＞alluvial sandy earth＞purple clayey earth＞reddish yellow clayey earth＞chao sandy earth＞yellow clayey earth.And the amount of several special physiological groups of microbes in yellow clayey earth and reddish yellow clayey earth,whose structures are tight,is less than those in the other several types of soils, such as purple sandy earth and alluvial sandy earth.In order to develop agriculture,reasonable cropping measures should be taken according to soil type