Abstract: A complete acquaintance with biodiversity of the source regions of the Yangtse River, Yellow River and Lancang River will be helpful to its environment protection and construction. The west, south, southeast and northeast of the source regions of the three rivers abutting with the biodiversity center own a variety of ecosystems and corresponding ample species. The environment resulting from the upheaval of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one important reason for the abundant biodiversity which is exceptional for its special species, some of which are protected by the nation.