Abstract: A 2-year experiment on domestication and cultivation of Allium mongolicum was conducted. Related climate was continuously monitored and nutrient components of wild and domesticated Allium mongolicum analyzed. The analytical results show that domesticated Allium mongolicum germinates during mid to late March when temperatures are higher than 2.35℃. It enters fast growth phase in mid April when temperatures are above 9.6℃ and bears flowers and fruits in July, August and September when temperatures are above 22℃ and the rains are heavy. Dormancy occurs in late November when temperatures fall below 0℃. Height and width growth are fastest from 0 to 8 days after cutting, with average height growth of 16cm per day. After 10 days, growth becomes very sluggish and almost stops after 15 days, followed by leaf withering after 20 days. Nutrient composition of domesticated Allium mongolicum is the same as that of the wild species, however, there is higher concentration of minerals, microelements and water, while ammonia acid, crude protein, crude fat and carotenoid decrease by 9%～23%.