Policy measures, technology application and implications for non-CO₂ greenhouse gases emissions mitigation in China’s agricultural sector

Mitigating non-CO₂ greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly methane and nitrous oxide, is crucial for addressing climate change due to its significant warming potential. This study systematically reviews the policy measures and technological advancements related to methane and nitrous oxide emissions from China’s agricultural sector, providing insights for non-CO₂ GHG mitigation. We comprehensively analyze the emission sources, total amounts, and temporal trends of non-CO₂ emissions in China’s agricultural industry. By comparing China’s policies and technologies with key international practices, we identify current challenges and propose targeted strategies for reducing non-CO₂ GHG emissions in China’s agricultural sector. Despite the integration of non-CO₂ GHG mitigation into national strategic planning, further enhancements are necessary. Key recommendations include (1) Sustained investment in research and development for non-CO₂ GHG mitigation; (2) Strengthening technology dissemination systems, carbon trading markets, and public investment; and (3) Improving the institutional environment for non-CO₂ GHG mitigation. This study offers critical insights for future policy design and research to reduce non-CO₂ GHG emissions and mitigate global warming.